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Chronic amebic meningoencephalitis

P G Cleland, R V Lawande, G Onyemelukwe

    Archives of Neurology
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A patient experienced a confusional illness with convulsions, later diagnosed as chronic amebic meningoencephalitis. Repeatedly, Hartmannella rhysodes was identified in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), confirming the rare parasitic brain infection.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Parasitology

    Background:

    • A five-year history of sleep disturbance preceded a severe neurological event.
    • The patient presented with a confusional illness and convulsions, indicating significant central nervous system involvement.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report a case of suspected chronic amebic meningoencephalitis.
    • To identify the causative agent and diagnostic markers for the neurological condition.

    Main Methods:

    • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis including microscopy and culture.
    • Serological testing for antibodies against isolated amebic strains.

    Main Results:

    • The ameba Hartmannella rhysodes was repeatedly identified and cultured from the patient's CSF.

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  • A rising serum titer of immobilizing antibodies against the isolated H. rhysodes strain was observed.

    • Conclusions:

    • The findings strongly suggest a diagnosis of chronic amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Hartmannella rhysodes.
    • This case highlights the importance of considering rare parasitic infections in patients with unexplained neurological disorders.