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Related Experiment Videos

Left ventricular function in trained and untrained healthy subjects

B Z Bar-Shlomo, M N Druck, J E Morch

    Circulation
    |March 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Endurance athletes and sedentary individuals utilize different mechanisms to enhance left ventricular ejection fraction during exercise. Athletes reduce end-systolic volume, while controls increase end-diastolic volume, potentially lowering myocardial oxygen demand.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Exercise Science
    • Sports Medicine

    Background:

    • Left ventricular (LV) function is crucial for delivering oxygenated blood during physical exertion.
    • Endurance training is known to induce significant adaptations in cardiac structure and function.
    • Understanding these adaptations is key to comprehending exercise capacity and cardiovascular health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare left ventricular function between endurance-trained athletes and sedentary controls at rest and during exercise.
    • To investigate the mechanisms by which left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is augmented during exercise in trained versus untrained individuals.
    • To explore the implications of differing cardiac responses on myocardial oxygen demand.

    Main Methods:

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  • Gated radionuclide angiocardiograms were performed on 9 endurance-trained athletes and 18 sedentary controls.
  • Measurements were taken at rest and during graded supine bicycle exercise.
  • Assessed parameters included heart rate, blood pressure, LVEF, and changes in LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes.

    • Main Results:

    • Athletes achieved significantly higher workloads than controls.
    • Both groups showed similar increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and LVEF during exercise.
    • Sedentary controls increased LV end-diastolic volume and decreased end-systolic volume, while athletes maintained end-diastolic volume and significantly decreased end-systolic volume.

    Conclusions:

    • Despite similar increases in LVEF, trained and untrained individuals employ distinct mechanisms.
    • Untrained subjects rely on increased preload (end-diastolic volume), whereas trained athletes optimize stroke volume by reducing afterload (end-systolic volume).
    • The ability of athletes to exercise without increasing preload may reduce myocardial oxygen demand, highlighting a key training adaptation.