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Acetaminophen kinetics in the elderly

M Divoll, D R Abernethy, B Ameer

    Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
    |February 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    This study on acetaminophen kinetics in healthy adults found that age and sex do not significantly impact its elimination half-life. Dosage adjustments for the elderly are generally not required based on these pharmacokinetic findings.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacokinetics
    • Drug Metabolism
    • Geriatric Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic.
    • Understanding its pharmacokinetic profile across different demographics is crucial for safe and effective dosing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the pharmacokinetics of intravenous acetaminophen in healthy adults.
    • To investigate the influence of age and sex on acetaminophen's elimination half-life, volume of distribution, and clearance.

    Main Methods:

    • Single 650-mg intravenous doses of acetaminophen administered to 32 healthy men and women (aged 23-78 years).
    • Plasma samples collected over 8-12 hours post-dose to determine drug kinetics.
    • Analysis of elimination half-life, volume of distribution (weight-corrected), and clearance.

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    Main Results:

    • Acetaminophen elimination half-life averaged 2.7 hours and was not significantly related to age or sex.
    • Volume of distribution was greater in men than women and decreased with age, likely due to body composition differences.
    • Acetaminophen clearance showed a borderline significant decline with age in both sexes.

    Conclusions:

    • Acetaminophen pharmacokinetics are generally consistent across healthy adult age groups and sexes.
    • Based on kinetics alone, routine acetaminophen dosage adjustments for the elderly are typically unnecessary.
    • Body composition, particularly fat content, influences acetaminophen's volume of distribution.