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Mitral annular calcification: a cause of systolic murmur in the elderly

L A Papa, J Raniolo, S Schiff

    Postgraduate Medicine
    |March 1, 1982
    PubMed

    Insights

    Mitral annular calcification, a condition affecting mostly older women, causes mitral regurgitation. Diagnosis involves echocardiography, and management includes preventing infective endocarditis and treating heart failure.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Geriatric Medicine

    Background:

    • Mitral annular calcification (MAC) predominantly affects females over 65.
    • It is associated with mitral regurgitation due to loss of mitral annular sphincter action.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline the diagnostic considerations and management strategies for mitral annular calcification.

    Main Methods:

    • Diagnosis is primarily based on echocardiography (one- or two-dimensional).
    • Chest X-ray and fluoroscopy can also reveal mitral ring calcification.

    Main Results:

    • Systolic murmurs of mitral origin warrant consideration of MAC.
    • Management focuses on antibiotic prophylaxis against infective endocarditis and monitoring for congestive heart failure.

    Conclusions:

    • Early diagnosis through echocardiography is crucial.
    • Comprehensive management involves preventive measures and pharmacological treatment for heart failure, including vasodilators in severe cases.

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