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Nitrogen elimination during steady-state hyperbaric exposures

J Vorosmarti, E E Barnard, J Williams

Undersea Biomedical Research

|September 1, 1978

Summary

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Divers eliminate nitrogen faster breathing pure oxygen compared to oxy-helium, with elimination decreasing at greater depths. This study investigated nitrogen washout gases for diving safety.

Area of Science:

Physiology
Diving Medicine
Gas Physiology

Background:

Nitrogen elimination is critical for preventing decompression sickness in divers.
Understanding inert gas washout dynamics is essential for optimizing diving procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the effectiveness of pure oxygen and oxy-helium as washout gases for nitrogen elimination.
To assess the impact of hydrostatic pressure on nitrogen washout rates.

Main Methods:

Six divers were exposed to varying pressures (1, 2, 3 ATA) in an oxygen-nitrogen atmosphere.
Nitrogen (N2) elimination was measured breath-by-breath using mass spectrometry.
Washout gases included pure oxygen (O2) and oxy-helium.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

Nitrogen elimination decreased with increasing pressure (depth).
Pure oxygen was more effective than oxy-helium for nitrogen washout at all studied depths.
The area under the nitrogen elimination curve increased with pressure.

Conclusions:

Breathing pure oxygen enhances nitrogen elimination compared to oxy-helium during diving exposures.
Increased hydrostatic pressure negatively impacts nitrogen washout efficiency.
Findings suggest optimizing gas mixtures and washout protocols for diver safety.