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Changes in neuropsychological test performance after electroconvulsive therapy

F W Malloy, I F Small, M J Miller

    Biological Psychiatry
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) significantly improved cognitive functioning in psychiatric patients. Pre-treatment performance indicated brain damage, but post-treatment scores improved to near-normal levels.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychiatry
    • Cognitive Psychology

    Background:

    • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment for severe mental disorders.
    • Cognitive function is often a concern for patients undergoing psychiatric treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the impact of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on cognitive functioning in psychiatric patients.
    • To assess changes in intellectual and neuropsychological measures before and after ECT.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery (HRNTB).
    • Assessed 231 psychiatric patients before and after a course of ECT.

    Main Results:

    • 96% of cognitive measures showed improvement after ECT.

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  • 37.5% of measures demonstrated statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05).
  • Pre-ECT performance was characteristic of brain damage; post-ECT scores improved to the borderline normal range.

    • Conclusions:

    • ECT leads to generally improved cognitive functioning in psychiatric patients.
    • Neuropsychological deficits associated with psychiatric conditions may be reversible with ECT.