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Related Experiment Videos

Extraneural pressures affecting the ulnar nerve at the elbow

M F Macnicol

    The Hand
    |February 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Elbow flexion increases ulnar nerve pressure, especially with shoulder abduction. Surgical cubital tunnel release can reduce this pressure, aiding in managing ulnar nerve entrapment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Neuroscience
    • Anatomy

    Background:

    • Ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow is common.
    • Understanding extraneural pressure dynamics is crucial for treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify extraneural pressure changes along the ulnar nerve with elbow flexion and shoulder abduction.
    • To evaluate the effect of surgical decompression and anatomical variations on these pressures.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized fresh cadaveric arms for direct pressure measurements.
    • Employed a fine silastic cannula to record extraneural pressures.
    • Tested various elbow flexion angles and shoulder abduction positions.

    Main Results:

    • Significant extraneural pressure increases were observed with elbow flexion beyond 90 degrees.
    • Concomitant shoulder abduction further elevated pressures at the cubital tunnel and post-condylar groove.
    • Cubital tunnel release reduced post-condylar groove pressures by ~50% in full flexion.
    • Clamping the flexor carpi aponeurotic arch increased groove pressures, hindering neural accommodation.

    Conclusions:

    • Elbow flexion and shoulder abduction significantly impact ulnar nerve biomechanics.
    • Surgical release of the cubital tunnel may alleviate pressure in specific anatomical regions.
    • The flexor carpi aponeurotic arch plays a role in managing neural pressure changes.

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