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Phenotypic expression in the developing murine enteric nervous system

T P Rothman, M D Gershon

    The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
    |March 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Enteric nervous system development in fetal mice involves precursor cells differentiating into cholinergic and serotonergic neurons. Environmental factors influence this process, leading to neuronal diversity.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Developmental Biology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • The enteric nervous system (ENS) is crucial for gut function.
    • Understanding ENS development is key to addressing related disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the origins and differentiation of ENS neurons in fetal mice.
    • To identify factors influencing the development of cholinergic and serotonergic neurons.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized [3H]choline for acetylcholine synthesis and acetylcholinesterase histochemistry for cholinergic neurons.
    • Employed 5-[3H]serotonin uptake and 5-HT immunocytochemistry for serotonergic neurons.
    • Examined gut development in situ and in organotypic tissue culture.

    Main Results:

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    • Neurons were first detected morphologically on embryonic day 12 (E12) in the foregut.
    • Cholinergic and serotonergic markers appeared progressively from E10-E14.
    • Early gut explants (E9-E11) cultured in vitro developed both neuronal types.
    • Enhanced neuronal development was observed in explants cultured from E11.

    Conclusions:

    • Enteric neurons arise from undifferentiated precursors.
    • Neuronal precursor colonization of the bowel is a prolonged process (E9-E11).
    • Early neuronal precursors can generate both cholinergic and serotonergic phenotypes.
    • A time-dependent fetal microenvironment likely drives ENS phenotypic diversity.