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Renal calculi in association with hyperparathyroidism: a changing entity
The Journal of Urology
|February 1, 1982
Summary
Hyperparathyroidism as a cause of kidney stones has significantly decreased. This study found a 0.178% incidence, a sharp drop from 8% in 1934, likely due to widespread blood tests.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Urology
Background:
- Hyperparathyroidism historically contributed to renal calculous disease.
- A significant decline in this association has been observed over recent decades.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the current incidence of hyperparathyroidism as a cause of renal calculous disease.
- To compare current findings with historical data.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 5,034 cases of renal calculous disease.
- Data collected from five major South Carolina hospitals between 1972 and 1977.
- Identification of underlying etiology for renal stones.
Main Results:
- Only 9 out of 5,034 patients (0.178%) had hyperparathyroidism as the cause of their kidney stones.
- This represents a substantial decrease from an 8% incidence reported in 1934.
- The incidence is estimated at 1-2 patients per 1,000 cases of stone disease.
Conclusions:
- Hyperparathyroidism is now a rare cause of renal calculous disease.
- The widespread use of multiphasic screening blood tests is likely responsible for the decreased incidence.
- Early detection and management of hyperparathyroidism may prevent kidney stone formation.