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Pseudomonas cepacia peritonitis associated with contamination of automatic peritoneal dialysis machines

R L Berkelman, J Godley, J A Weber

    Annals of Internal Medicine
    |April 1, 1982
    PubMed

    Insights

    Pseudomonas cepacia infections were linked to specific automatic peritoneal dialysis machines. Altering cleaning and disinfection practices eliminated P. cepacia contamination in dialysis fluid, preventing further patient infections.

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Clinical Microbiology

    Background:

    • Pseudomonas cepacia (P. cepacia) is an opportunistic pathogen.
    • Chronic dialysis patients are susceptible to infections.
    • Peritonitis is a serious complication in peritoneal dialysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the source and control of P. cepacia peritonitis in chronic dialysis patients.
    • To identify risk factors associated with P. cepacia infections in a peritoneal dialysis center.

    Main Methods:

    • Epidemiological investigation of patient infections.
    • Laboratory analysis of peritoneal fluid and dialysis equipment.
    • Review of cleaning and disinfection protocols for automatic peritoneal dialysis machines.

    Main Results:

    • P. cepacia was isolated from 10 patients undergoing chronic dialysis therapy.
    • Six patients developed peritonitis, and one developed septicemia.
    • Contamination of specific automatic peritoneal dialysis machines with P. cepacia was identified, linked to inadequate cleaning and disinfection practices.

    Conclusions:

    • Inadequate cleaning and disinfection of automatic peritoneal dialysis machines contributed to P. cepacia outbreaks.
    • Cross-contamination likely occurred via infected peritoneal fluid.
    • Revised cleaning and disinfection protocols successfully eradicated P. cepacia from dialysis fluid, preventing further infections.

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