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Connective tissue responses to oxysterols

A Baranowski, C W Adams, O B High

    Atherosclerosis
    |February 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Oxidized sterols, particularly cholestane triol, significantly promote tissue inflammation, necrosis, and cell death. These findings highlight potential health risks associated with oxysterols in food and tissues.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Cell Biology
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Sterols, like cholesterol, are essential biological molecules.
    • Oxidized sterols (oxysterols) can form during food storage and within tissues.
    • The biological effects of various oxysterols on cellular and tissue damage are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of different sterols and oxidized sterols.
    • To compare the potency of various oxysterols in inducing tissue damage and cell death.
    • To assess the role of oxysterols in granuloma formation and necrosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Exposure of mouse fibroblasts, macrophages, and pig vascular smooth muscle cells to purified cholesterol and several oxidized sterols.

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  • Lipid preparations included: dibromide-purified cholesterol, air-oxidized cholesterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol, cholesterol-5alpha, 6 beta-epoxide, and cholestane 3 beta, 5 alpha, 6 beta-triol.
  • Evaluation of cytopathic effects, granuloma formation, and necrosis in cell cultures and tissues.

    • Main Results:

    • Cholestane 3 beta, 5 alpha, 6 beta-triol exhibited the most potent cytotoxic effects on cultured cells.
    • The triol also induced the largest granulomas and most significant necrosis.
    • Cholesterol-5alpha, 6 beta-epoxide, 25-hydroxycholesterol, and air-oxidized cholesterol showed intermediate toxicity, greater than purified cholesterol but less than the triol.
    • Purified cholesterol and control treatments had minimal effects.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific oxidized sterols, especially cholestane triol, are potent inducers of cellular damage, inflammation, and necrosis.
    • The findings suggest a potential health concern regarding dietary oxysterols and oxysterols found on cholesterol crystals in tissues.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms and in vivo implications of oxysterol-induced tissue injury.