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Anti-Cob causing acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

E L Lee, C Bennett

    Transfusion
    |March 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A rare anti-Cob antibody caused a severe hemolytic transfusion reaction in a patient. This IgG antibody, detected during crossmatching, highlights the importance of careful blood donor and recipient matching.

    Area of Science:

    • Transfusion Medicine
    • Immunology
    • Hematology

    Background:

    • Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions (AHTRs) are serious adverse events.
    • The Cob blood group system antibodies are rare but clinically significant.

    Observation:

    • A patient experienced an AHTR after receiving a unit of whole blood.
    • Immunohematologic studies identified an anti-Cob antibody in the patient's serum.
    • The implicated donor unit was phenotyped as Co(a+b+).

    Findings:

    • The anti-Cob antibody was characterized as an immunoglobulin G (IgG) that weakly bound complement.
    • The antibody reacted during the antiglobulin phase of the crossmatch.
    • The patient also had co-existing anti-E and anti-c antibodies.

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    Implications:

    • This case underscores the critical need for accurate pre-transfusion testing to detect rare antibodies like anti-Cob.
    • Awareness of anti-Cob is crucial for preventing AHTRs in transfusion medicine.
    • Further research into the prevalence and clinical significance of Cob system antibodies is warranted.