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Interactions between drugs and intravenous delivery systems
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
|March 1, 1982
Summary
Drug loss during intravenous infusions can be minimized by using short, small-diameter tubing made of inert plastics. This reduces sorption, a slow, time-dependent process affecting drug stability in plastic infusion systems.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Science
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Materials Science
Background:
- Intravenous (IV) drug administration is common, but drug loss can occur.
- Plastic infusion materials can interact with drugs, affecting dosage.
- Understanding these interactions is crucial for patient safety and effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate drug loss from IV solutions during simulated infusions.
- To identify factors influencing drug sorption to plastic infusion components.
- To determine methods for minimizing drug loss during IV administration.
Main Methods:
- Studied 45 drugs in various IV solutions (0.9% NaCl, 5% dextrose).
- Evaluated drug loss through different plastic and glass infusion systems (sets, tubing, syringes).
- Assessed variables including flow rates, infusion times, drug concentration, pH, and tubing dimensions.
Main Results:
- Eight specific drugs (e.g., clomethiazole edisylate, diazepam) showed significant loss.
- Drug loss was primarily a slow, time-dependent sorption process, not adsorption.
- Minimal drug loss occurred with short, small-diameter tubing and all-plastic syringes.
Conclusions:
- Drug sorption to plastic infusion components is a key factor in IV drug loss.
- Using short, small-diameter, inert plastic tubing minimizes drug sorption.
- All-plastic, single-use syringes prevented drug loss entirely.