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Prophylactic oxacillin in dog bite wounds

R M Elenbaas, W K McNabney, W A Robinson

    Annals of Emergency Medicine
    |May 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Prophylactic oxacillin did not prevent infections in dog bite wounds treated within 24 hours. This study found no benefit of using antibiotics preventatively for these injuries.

    Area of Science:

    • Emergency Medicine
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Surgical Infections

    Background:

    • Dog bites pose a risk of infection.
    • Prophylactic antibiotics are sometimes considered for dog bite wounds.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic oxacillin in preventing infections in dog bite injuries.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    • Adult patients with uninfected full-thickness dog bite wounds within 24 hours.
    • Random assignment to oxacillin or placebo for 5 days.
    • Standardized wound care and follow-up.

    Main Results:

    • 46 patients completed the study (22 oxacillin, 24 placebo).

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Two hand infections occurred in the oxacillin group; none in the placebo group (P=NS).
  • No significant difference in infection rates between groups.

    • Conclusions:

    • Prophylactic oxacillin showed no benefit in preventing infections in dog bite wounds.
    • Routine prophylactic antibiotics are not recommended for dog bite injuries treated promptly.