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Nutritional implications of dietary fiber
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|October 1, 1978
Summary
Increasing dietary fiber intake, like from whole wheat, impacts nutrient absorption and excretion. While beneficial for the colon, it can reduce mineral absorption, particularly calcium, zinc, and iron.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Gastroenterology
- Human Physiology
Background:
- Dietary fiber influences digestive and absorptive functions.
- Different fiber types yield distinct physiological effects.
- Fiber composition and source significantly impact health outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the physiological effects of increased dietary fiber intake.
- To differentiate the effects of various fiber compositions and sources.
- To assess the impact of fiber on nutrient absorption and excretion.
Main Methods:
- Supplementing diets with bran and whole wheat products.
- Analyzing fecal output for fat, nitrogen, energy, and minerals.
- Comparing the effects of gel-forming polysaccharides (guar gum, pectin) versus cereal fibers.
Main Results:
- Increased dietary fiber led to higher fecal excretion of fat, nitrogen, energy, and minerals.
- Gel-forming fibers altered glucose absorption and were hypocholesterolemic.
- Cereal fibers primarily affected colonic function and fecal composition.
- Fiber consumption impaired the absorption of calcium, zinc, and iron.
Conclusions:
- Dietary fiber significantly alters digestive and absorptive processes.
- Fiber's impact varies based on its composition and source.
- While beneficial for colonic health, fiber can negatively affect essential mineral absorption, warranting careful consideration in nutritional studies.