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Chronic urticaria and angioedema

P Small, D Barrett, N Biskin

Clinical Allergy

|March 1, 1982

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Idiopathic chronic urticaria and angioedema (CUA) involves multiple immune factors. While serum IgE and immune complexes play a role, depressed complement (CH50) was specifically linked to dermographism in CUA patients.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Dermatology
Allergy

Background:

Chronic urticaria and angioedema (CUA) is often idiopathic.
Understanding the immunological underpinnings of idiopathic CUA is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the roles of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), complement (CH50), and immune complexes (IC) in patients with idiopathic CUA.
To explore potential correlations between these immunological markers and clinical presentation, specifically dermographism.

Main Methods:

Evaluation of 231 patients for CUA, with 112 idiopathic cases selected for immunological testing.
Measurement of total serum IgE, haemolytic complement (CH50), and serum immune complexes (IC).
Skin biopsies analyzed via light and immunofluorescence microscopy.

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Main Results:

Elevated total IgE found in 13% of patients, equally distributed between dermographic (D) and non-dermographic (ND) groups.
Depressed CH50 observed in 10% of CUA patients, exclusively in the D group.
Elevated serum IC detected in 38% of patients, with equal distribution between D and ND.
No correlation between depressed CH50 and elevated IC.
Skin biopsies were negative in all tested specimens.

Conclusions:

The pathophysiology of idiopathic CUA is multifactorial, involving various immunological mechanisms.
A link between depressed CH50 and dermographism was observed but remains unexplained by current serum or tissue studies.
Further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms contributing to idiopathic CUA, particularly the role of complement in dermographism.