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Attribution theory: a fit with substance abuse problems

D J Baumann, F W Obitz, J W Reich

    The International Journal of the Addictions
    |February 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Early-treatment alcoholics attribute substance abuse to situational factors more than those in later stages of treatment. They also perceive greater similarity to individuals labeled as alcoholics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Social Psychology
    • Substance Abuse Research

    Background:

    • Understanding how individuals perceive substance abuse is crucial for effective treatment.
    • Attribution theory offers a framework for analyzing these perceptions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze how individuals early and late in alcoholism treatment explain the problem behavior of other substance abusers.
    • To investigate the role of attributional processes in understanding alcoholism.

    Main Methods:

    • 3 groups of male participants (early-treatment alcoholics, late-treatment alcoholics, nonalcoholic controls) viewed interviews with actors.
    • Participants made attributions about the actors' behavior, who were identified as either alcoholic or not.

    Main Results:

    • Early-treatment alcoholics attributed the "alcoholic" actor's behavior more to situational factors.
    • Late-treatment alcoholics and controls made fewer situational attributions for the "alcoholic" actor.
    • Early-treatment alcoholics perceived greater similarity to the "alcoholic" actor compared to other groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Attributional patterns differ based on an individual's stage of alcoholism treatment.
    • Findings suggest that early-stage alcoholics may use different cognitive strategies when explaining substance abuse behavior.
    • Attribution theory is applicable to understanding substance abuse and recovery.

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