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Related Experiment Videos

Serum alphafetoprotein in bladder carcinoma

E A Alsabti

    Oncology
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was detected in over half of bladder cancer patients. This biomarker shows promise for diagnosing bladder carcinoma, especially when confirmed with radioimmunoassay.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Immunology
    • Hepatology

    Background:

    • Bladder carcinoma is a significant health concern.
    • Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a biomarker typically associated with liver function and certain cancers.
    • The role of AFP in bladder cancer, particularly in the context of endemic diseases like bilharziasis, requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the sera of patients diagnosed with bladder carcinoma.
    • To evaluate the diagnostic potential of AFP as a biomarker for bladder cancer.
    • To explore the relationship between a history of bilharziasis and AFP levels in bladder cancer patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Serum samples were collected from 112 patients diagnosed with bladder carcinoma via cystoscopy and biopsy.
    • Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were measured using radioimmunoassay.
    • Patients underwent liver scans and laparotomy to rule out metastasis; medical history was reviewed for bilharziasis.

    Main Results:

    • A total of 59 out of 112 (52.6%) bladder carcinoma patients showed positive results for AFP.
    • Radioimmunoassay further enhanced the detection rate of AFP.
    • All cases were confirmed to be free of metastasis, and all patients had a history of childhood bilharziasis (Schistosoma hematobium), which does not affect the liver.

    Conclusions:

    • Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is present in a significant proportion of bladder carcinoma patients.
    • AFP shows potential as a diagnostic biomarker for bladder cancer, with radioimmunoassay improving detection rates.
    • The presence of AFP in these patients is not attributable to liver metastasis or other known hepatic factors related to bilharziasis.

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