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Relapsing fever in Cape Town. A case report

E Rosenthal

    South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde
    |May 22, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    A case of relapsing fever, caused by spirochaetes, was diagnosed in Cape Town. This tick-borne illness was confirmed in a soldier returning from northern South West Africa.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Entomology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Clinical Microbiology

    Background:

    • Relapsing fever is a bacterial infection transmitted by ticks or lice.
    • Spirochaetes are the causative agents of relapsing fever.
    • Geographic distribution of tick-borne relapsing fever is often linked to specific endemic regions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report a novel case of relapsing fever in Cape Town.
    • To review the clinical features and diagnosis of relapsing fever.
    • To highlight the potential for imported infectious diseases in a new locale.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical presentation of a 19-year-old male soldier.
    • Microscopic examination of stained blood smears for spirochaetes.
    • Literature review on relapsing fever.

    Main Results:

    • The patient exhibited typical symptoms of relapsing fever.
    • Spirochaetes were identified in blood smears, confirming the diagnosis.
    • This represents the first reported case of relapsing fever in Cape Town.

    Conclusions:

    • Relapsing fever is a significant diagnosis to consider in febrile patients with relevant travel history.
    • Prompt identification of spirochaetes is crucial for diagnosis.
    • Public health awareness is important for managing potential outbreaks of imported diseases.

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