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Persistent sciatic artery: clinical, surgical, and angiographic aspects

G L McLellan, L B Morettin

    Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
    |June 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Persistent sciatic artery is a common fetal vessel variation prone to vascular disease. Surgical intervention, like femoropopliteal bypass, is often necessary for treatment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Vascular Surgery
    • Anatomy
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • The sciatic artery is a persistent fetal vessel, frequently replacing the typical femoral artery supply to the lower extremity.
    • This anatomical variation is often associated with hypoplasia of the normal femoral artery.
    • It is susceptible to vascular pathologies including aneurysms and arteriosclerosis.

    Observation:

    • Angiography via transfemoral catheterization or translumbar aortogram is used for diagnosis.
    • Bilateral imaging is crucial due to the frequent bilateral nature of this anomaly.
    • 18 patients with this condition were identified, with 10 undergoing surgical treatment.

    Findings:

    • Femoropopliteal vein bypass is the recommended surgical technique for managing sciatic artery issues.
    • For aneurysms, recommended procedures include ligation or aneurysmorrhaphy combined with femoral popliteal bypass.

    Implications:

    • Understanding this arterial anomaly is vital for accurate diagnosis and effective surgical planning.
    • Timely intervention can prevent complications associated with vascular disease in the lower extremity.
    • This highlights the importance of recognizing and managing persistent sciatic artery variations in clinical practice.

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