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Workload and fatigue--in-flight EEG changes

J S Howitt, A E Hay, G R Shergold

    Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
    |October 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Pilot workload during instrument flights was measured using electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG). EEG activity increased significantly with higher workload in rested pilots but not in sleep-deprived pilots, indicating workload impacts cognitive function differently based on fatigue.

    Area of Science:

    • Aviation Psychology
    • Neuroscience
    • Human Factors Engineering

    Background:

    • Pilot workload assessment is crucial for flight safety.
    • Understanding cognitive load during instrument flight is essential.
    • Fatigue significantly impacts pilot performance and cognitive function.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between workload and physiological responses in pilots during instrument flights.
    • To compare EEG and ECG changes during high-workload conditions in rested versus fatigued pilots.
    • To identify objective physiological markers of workload and fatigue in aviation.

    Main Methods:

    • Continuous electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) recordings were obtained from a single pilot.
    • Instrument flights in a transport aircraft were designed with varying workload epochs.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Flights were conducted under rested conditions and after sleep deprivation, as well as during subsequent flights of the day.

    • Main Results:

    • EEG activity showed significant increases (approx. 4x) during high-workload periods in rested pilots compared to pre-flight rest.
    • This pronounced EEG increase was not observed in fatigued pilots during high-workload conditions.
    • Subjective performance differences were noted between rested and fatigued flight conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Pilot EEG responses are sensitive to workload variations during instrument flight.
    • Sleep deprivation and fatigue attenuate the typical EEG response to high workload.
    • Objective physiological measures like EEG can differentiate between workload levels and the impact of fatigue on cognitive function in pilots.