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Related Experiment Videos

A quantitative difference between immunologically and biologically active prolactin in hypothyroid patients

A Y Silverman, S L Schwartz, R W Steger

    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
    |August 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    In hypothyroid patients, pituitary prolactin (PRL) shows altered immunological and biological activities. Chronically hypothyroid individuals exhibit normal receptor binding but increased immunological activity of PRL.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Reproductive Biology
    • Molecular Endocrinology

    Background:

    • The pituitary gland can secrete various prolactin (PRL) molecular forms with differing biological and immunological properties.
    • Understanding these PRL variants is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment in endocrine disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate and compare the immunological and biological activities of prolactin (PRL) in hypothyroid patients versus normal individuals.
    • To characterize the behavior of PRL in chronic hypothyroidism using radioimmunoassay (RIA) and radioreceptor assay (RRA).

    Main Methods:

    • Compared PRL levels using RIA and RRA in 25 hypothyroid patients and 49 healthy controls.
    • Analyzed the ratio of PRL levels determined by RRA to RIA in both patient groups.

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  • Assessed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels to confirm hypothyroidism (TSH > 10 microU/ml).

    • Main Results:

    • In normal women, RRA/RIA PRL ratio was approximately 5, indicating PRL predominantly binds to receptors.
    • In hypothyroid patients, the RRA/RIA PRL ratio was significantly lower (0.782), with RRA values not differing from controls.
    • PRL levels measured by RIA were significantly elevated in hypothyroid patients compared to controls (P < 0.000001).

    Conclusions:

    • Hypothyroid patients exhibit PRL with normal receptor-binding capacity but enhanced immunological activity.
    • This suggests the presence of PRL variants with altered properties in chronic hypothyroidism.
    • The findings highlight the importance of considering different PRL isoforms in endocrine conditions.