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Hypnotizability, daydreaming styles, imagery vividness, and absorption: a multidimensional study

H J Crawford

    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
    |May 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study found that hypnotic susceptibility, vivid imagery, and daily activity involvement are linked to a positive imagination style. Gender differences were observed in how these traits relate to daydreaming patterns.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Cognitive Science

    Background:

    • Understanding the interplay between imagination, hypnotic susceptibility, and daydreaming is crucial for cognitive research.
    • Previous studies have explored these constructs individually, but their interrelationships require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the relationships between hypnotic susceptibility, imagery vividness, everyday activity involvement, and various daydreaming styles.
    • To identify distinct factors within imagination and daydreaming processes.
    • To explore potential gender differences in these relationships.

    Main Methods:

    • Participants completed the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ), and Tellegen Absorption Scale (TAS).
    • Daydreaming styles were assessed using the Imaginal Processes Inventory.

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  • Factor analysis and stepwise multiple regressions were employed to analyze the data.

    • Main Results:

    • Factor analysis revealed a 'positively vivid and absorptive imagination style' characterized by high hypnotic susceptibility, VVIQ scores, TAS scores, and positive-affect daydreaming.
    • Two other identified factors were a dysphoric daydreaming style and a lack-of-attentional-control style.
    • Stepwise multiple regressions indicated gender-specific relationships between hypnotic susceptibility, VVIQ, TAS, and daydreaming styles.

    Conclusions:

    • A unified factor of positive imagination exists, integrating hypnotic susceptibility, vivid imagery, absorption, and positive daydreaming.
    • Significant gender differences influence the associations between hypnotic susceptibility, imagery, absorption, and daydreaming patterns.
    • These findings highlight the complex, gender-modulated nature of imaginative and hypnotic processes.