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Psychological functioning in headache sufferers

F Andrasik, E B Blanchard, J G Arena

    Psychosomatic Medicine
    |May 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study found that muscle contraction headache sufferers exhibit more psychological distress than other headache types. However, typical headache sufferers show minimal psychological disturbance, differing from previous research.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Neurology
    • Medical Research

    Background:

    • Headaches are a common ailment with various subtypes.
    • Previous research suggested significant psychological differences in headache sufferers.
    • Understanding the psychological profile of headache sufferers is crucial for effective treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the psychological test responses across different headache classifications.
    • To compare psychological distress levels between various headache groups and non-headache controls.
    • To determine if typical headache sufferers exhibit marked psychological disturbances.

    Main Methods:

    • Administered a battery of psychological tests to 99 headache sufferers (migraine, muscle contraction, combined, cluster) and 30 controls.

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  • Utilized measures including the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), Beck Depression Inventory, and Trait Anxiety Inventory.
  • Analyzed differences in psychological test scores among the headache subtypes and controls.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant differences were observed in five MMPI clinical scales (1, 2, 3, 6, 7) and on the Psychosomatic Symptom Checklist and Trait Anxiety Inventory.
    • Muscle contraction headache subjects reported the highest psychological disturbance, while cluster headache subjects reported the least.
    • No headache group showed marked elevations on psychological tests, contrary to prior studies.

    Conclusions:

    • Headache sufferers present a continuum of psychological distress, with muscle contraction headaches at the more disturbed end.
    • The findings suggest that typical headache sufferers may experience less psychological distress than previously reported.
    • These results may offer a more accurate psychological profile of the "typical" headache sufferer.