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Ecological systems model for occupational therapy

M C Howe, A K Briggs

    The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
    |May 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This article introduces the ecological systems model for occupational therapy, viewing individuals and environments as interconnected systems. Health and function depend on ecological adaptation and achieving personal goals within the ecosystem.

    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Therapy
    • Systems Theory
    • Environmental Psychology

    Background:

    • Occupational therapy practice requires robust conceptual models.
    • Understanding the interplay between individuals and their environments is crucial for effective intervention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present the ecological systems model as a framework for occupational therapy.
    • To define health, illness, function, and dysfunction through an ecological lens.

    Main Methods:

    • Conceptual analysis of existing theories.
    • Integration of systems theory and environmental concepts.

    Main Results:

    • The ecological systems model views the developing individual as an open system interacting with the environment.

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  • Health and illness are framed as outcomes of ecological adaptation.
  • Function is defined by effectiveness in achieving personal goals and quality of life within the ecosystem.

    • Conclusions:

    • The ecological systems model provides a holistic framework for occupational therapy.
    • It emphasizes the dynamic, reciprocal relationship between individuals and their environments.
    • This model supports evaluating function based on goal attainment and ecological harmony.