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Nitrous oxide analgesia and altitude

M F James, E D Manson, J E Dennett

    Anaesthesia
    |March 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Moderate altitudes significantly reduce the effectiveness of 50% nitrous oxide (N2O) for pain relief. This study found N2O

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    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology
    • Altitude Physiology

    Background:

    • Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a widely used anesthetic gas.
    • Altitude can affect physiological responses to inhaled gases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the analgesic effectiveness of 50% N2O at varying altitudes.
    • To determine the impact of altitude on N2O's pain-relieving properties.

    Main Methods:

    • Pain threshold measurements were used to assess analgesic effectiveness.
    • The study was conducted at sea level, 1460 m, and simulated 3300 m altitudes.
    • Oxygen-enriched air was used as a control.

    Main Results:

    • At sea level, 50% N2O increased pain thresholds by 71.5%, comparable to morphine.
    • At 1460 m, N2O's effectiveness decreased to a 40% increase in pain threshold.
    • At 3300 m, the analgesic effect was further reduced to a 19% increase.

    Conclusions:

    • Moderate altitudes significantly attenuate the analgesic effectiveness of nitrous oxide.
    • The reduction in effectiveness is directly related to the partial pressure of N2O at each altitude.

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