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Related Experiment Videos

The human thyrocervical trunk: configuration and variability reinvestigated

M F Lischka, E B Krammer, T Rath

    Anatomy and Embryology
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    The dorsal scapular artery most commonly originates from the subclavian artery. However, it can also arise from the thyrocervical trunk in about 25% of cases, highlighting significant anatomical variability.

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    Area of Science:

    • Anatomy
    • Human Morphology
    • Vascular Anatomy

    Background:

    • The thyrocervical trunk is a major arterial structure in the human neck.
    • Variability in the branching patterns of the subclavian artery and its branches is well-documented.
    • Previous studies have proposed various origins for the dorsal scapular artery.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To reinvestigate the anatomical configuration of the human thyrocervical trunk.
    • To determine the precise origin of the dorsal scapular artery and its relationship with the thyrocervical trunk.
    • To analyze the variability in the origin of the dorsal scapular artery and internal thoracic artery.

    Main Methods:

    • Anatomical dissection and observation of human specimens.
    • Detailed examination of the subclavian artery and its branches, including the thyrocervical trunk.

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  • Comparative analysis with existing anatomical literature.

    • Main Results:

    • The dorsal scapular artery originates directly from the subclavian artery in approximately 75% of cases.
    • In about 25% of cases, the dorsal scapular artery arises from the thyrocervical trunk, either directly or via the transverse cervical artery.
    • The internal thoracic artery was found to be a branch of the thyrocervical trunk in over 10% of specimens.
    • Both the dorsal scapular artery and internal thoracic artery are considered facultative branches of the thyrocervical trunk.

    Conclusions:

    • The subclavian artery is the most common origin for the dorsal scapular artery.
    • Significant variability exists in the branching patterns of the thyrocervical trunk and subclavian artery.
    • The concept of racial differences in these variations is unfounded; phylogenetic and ontogenetic factors likely explain the observed variability.