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Occupational exposure and 12-year spirometric changes among Paris area workers

F Kauffmann, D Drouet, J Lellouch

    British Journal of Industrial Medicine
    |August 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Occupational dust exposure significantly accelerates lung function decline, increasing the risk of chronic airflow obstruction. Cessation of dust exposure may mitigate this decline, highlighting the importance of workplace safety for respiratory health.

    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Medicine
    • Pulmonary Physiology
    • Environmental Health

    Background:

    • Chronic airflow obstruction is a significant public health concern.
    • Occupational exposures are suspected contributors to lung function decline.
    • Longitudinal studies are crucial for understanding the progression of respiratory diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the long-term effects of occupational exposures on lung function decline.
    • To assess the relationship between dust, gas, and heat exposure and the rate of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) decline.
    • To evaluate the impact of job changes on occupational lung disease progression.

    Main Methods:

    • A 12-year follow-up study of 556 male factory workers in Paris, initially aged 30-54 in 1960.

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  • Detailed recording of occupational exposures (dust, gases, heat) and workplace assessments.
  • Estimation of annual FEV1 decline rate (FEV1 slope) and statistical analysis adjusting for age, smoking, and baseline FEV1 level (ASLA).

    • Main Results:

    • FEV1 slope was independently associated with occupational dust exposure (mineral and grain dust), with steeper decline correlating with higher exposure intensity.
    • Job changes among heavily exposed workers were associated with a less steep FEV1 slope.
    • Exposure to heat and gases, particularly in combination with dust, also showed a deleterious effect on FEV1 decline.
    • ASLA FEV1 slopes ranged from 44 ml/a (minimal exposure) to 60 ml/a (high dust, heat, and gas exposure).

    Conclusions:

    • Occupational dust exposure plays a causal role in the development of chronic airflow obstruction.
    • Cessation of dust exposure demonstrates a beneficial effect on mitigating lung function decline.
    • Combined exposures to dust, heat, and gases exacerbate lung function impairment.
    • Worker skill level and factory-specific factors may also influence lung function decline, independent of measured exposures.