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Related Concept Videos

Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

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Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
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The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.
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Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.

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Greater splanchnic nerve activity in the rat

H N Sapru, E R Gonzalez, A J Krieger

    Brain Research Bulletin
    |March 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    In rats, the greater splanchnic nerve connects to cardiac ganglia before the celiac plexus, unlike other animals. This indicates predominantly post-ganglionic sympathetic nerve activity near the celiac ganglion in rats.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Autonomic Nervous System Research
    • Comparative Anatomy

    Background:

    • The autonomic nervous system's structure and function are crucial for physiological regulation.
    • Understanding the neural pathways of the greater splanchnic nerve is key to comprehending sympathetic control.
    • Previous studies established general pathways for the greater splanchnic nerve in various species.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the unique anatomical pathway of the greater splanchnic nerve in rats.
    • To determine the nature of sympathetic nerve activity proximal to the celiac ganglion in rats.
    • To compare the rat's greater splanchnic nerve pathway with that of other experimental animals.

    Main Methods:

    • Electrophysiological recordings of nerve activity.

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  • Anatomical tracing and dissection of the greater splanchnic nerve and associated ganglia in rats.
  • Comparative analysis with existing literature on other species like cats.

    • Main Results:

    • Rat greater splanchnic nerve trunks do not directly join the celiac plexus.
    • These nerves connect to cardiac ganglia located rostro-lateral to the celiac ganglion in rats.
    • Greater splanchnic nerve activity proximal to the celiac ganglion is predominantly post-ganglionic in rats, contrasting with preganglionic activity in other animals.

    Conclusions:

    • The rat exhibits a distinct anatomical arrangement of the greater splanchnic nerve pathway.
    • Preganglionic sympathetic nerve activity predominates in the nerve segment proximal to the cardiac ganglion in rats.
    • This unique pathway in rats has implications for studying autonomic control mechanisms.