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Collagen types in keratoconus

T M Radda, E J Menzel, H Freyler

    Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers analyzed collagen in normal and keratoconus corneas, finding no significant differences in collagen types or pepsin digestion. This suggests keratoconus may not stem from altered collagen composition in the soluble fraction.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Biochemistry
    • Corneal Science

    Background:

    • Corneal ectasias, such as keratoconus, involve structural changes in the cornea.
    • Collagen is a primary structural protein in the cornea, and its alterations may contribute to disease pathogenesis.
    • Understanding collagen composition in keratoconus is crucial for elucidating disease mechanisms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the types and proportions of soluble collagens in normal human corneas versus keratoconus corneas.
    • To investigate potential differences in collagen composition that might underlie keratoconus development.

    Main Methods:

    • Collagen extraction from lyophilized human corneal tissues using salt fractionation and thermal gelation.
    • Analysis of pepsin-soluble collagen fractions.

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  • Collagen characterization via SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis).
  • Quantification of collagen concentration using hydroxyproline content.

    • Main Results:

    • Normal human corneas contain approximately 85% collagen type I, up to 10% type III, and 5% type V in their soluble collagen fractions.
    • Keratoconus corneas show a similar soluble collagen profile, with about 90% type I collagen and up to 5% each of type II and type V collagens.
    • Peptic digestion assays revealed no significant differences in collagen profiles between normal and keratoconus corneas.

    Conclusions:

    • The soluble collagen composition, particularly the proportions of collagen types I, III, and V, is largely comparable between normal and keratoconus human corneas.
    • The findings suggest that alterations in the major soluble collagen types are unlikely to be the primary cause of keratoconus.
    • Further research may be needed to explore other collagen fractions or extracellular matrix components in keratoconus pathogenesis.