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Related Experiment Videos

The relationship between expressed and experienced emotion in depression

S L Brown

    International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Depressed individuals show a dissociation between expressed and experienced happiness, and an abnormal association between expressed and experienced sadness. This impacts emotional processing in depression.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Affective Science
    • Clinical Psychology

    Background:

    • Emotional responses are crucial for mental well-being.
    • Depression is often associated with altered emotional processing.
    • Previous research suggests discrepancies in emotional expression and experience.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between expressed and experienced emotions in individuals with varying depression levels.
    • To examine emotional responses to happy, sad, angry, and fearful stimuli.
    • To compare emotional processing in mildly depressed, normal, and "low normal" adults.

    Main Methods:

    • Sixty right-handed adults were grouped based on the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale.
    • Participants were exposed to 48 imagery items depicting various emotional situations (happy, sad, angry, fearful).
    • Expressed emotion (facial electromyography) and experienced emotion (self-report) were measured.

    Main Results:

    • A dissociation between expressed and experienced happiness was observed in depressed individuals.
    • An abnormal association between expressed and experienced sadness was found in depressives and possibly "low normals".
    • Findings extend previous research on emotional processing in depression.

    Conclusions:

    • Depression is linked to a disconnect in processing positive emotions.
    • Negative emotional processing in depression shows an unusual alignment between expression and experience.
    • These findings highlight specific emotional processing deficits in depressive states.

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