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Cell-mediated immune reactions in asthma

J Farrerons-Co, M Farrerons Velasco, J Vives Puiggros

    Clinical Allergy
    |September 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    High immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in asthma patients correlate with reduced T-cell function, particularly in response to Candida antigen. This suggests a link between elevated IgE and impaired cellular immunity in asthma.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Allergy Research
    • Cellular Immunology

    Background:

    • Elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels are observed in various conditions, including atopic eczema.
    • A concurrent functional decrease in T-lymphocyte populations is often noted.
    • Asthma is frequently associated with abnormal IgE levels and potential immune dysregulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate T-cell function in asthma patients with varying IgE levels.
    • To determine if T-cell function correlates with IgE concentrations in asthma.
    • To explore immune responses in relation to specific allergens and antigens.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied T-cell function in asthma patients categorized by high, normal, and low IgE levels.
    • Included a healthy control group for comparison.

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  • Utilized skin tests with Candida antigen, lymphocyte transformation tests (in autologous and foetal calf serum), and in vivo tests with streptokinase-streptodornase.

    • Main Results:

    • Asthmatic patients with high IgE concentrations showed reduced T-cell function during skin tests with Candida antigen (P < 0.05).
    • Lymphocyte transformation tests with Candida antigen in autologous serum also indicated a decline (P < 0.05).
    • Responses to streptokinase-streptodornase and PHA stimulation were normal.

    Conclusions:

    • Reduced T-cell function is associated with high IgE levels in asthma patients.
    • Immune responses to specific antigens like Candida may be impaired in asthmatics with elevated IgE.
    • Further research into T-cell-IgE interactions in asthma is warranted.