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Morphological research on the sensitivity of dentin

T Gunji

    Archivum Histologicum Japonicum = Nihon Soshikigaku Kiroku
    |February 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Nerve fibers in dentin form a mechanoreceptive complex with odontoblastic processes, transmitting mechanical stimuli to nerve endings. This interaction is key to understanding dentin sensitivity and pain perception.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dentistry
    • Neuroscience
    • Histology

    Background:

    • Dentin sensitivity is a common clinical issue.
    • The precise mechanism of dentin sensitivity remains incompletely understood.
    • Nerve fiber distribution in the pulpodentinal border zone is crucial for sensory perception.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the ultrastructure, distribution, and organization of nerve fibers in the human pulpodentinal border zone.
    • To classify nerve fiber types and their terminal patterns within this region.
    • To elucidate the role of these nerve fibers in the mechanism of dentin sensitivity.

    Main Methods:

    • Silver impregnation technique for nerve fiber visualization.
    • Electron microscopy for ultrastructural analysis.
    • Examination of young human tooth samples.

    Main Results:

    • Identified four types of nerve fibers: marginal pulpal, simple predentinal, complex predentinal, and dentinal.
    • Nerve fibers extended up to 100 microns from the odontoblast-predentinal border.
    • Nerve fibers terminated as free endings, often adjacent to odontoblastic processes, forming a mechanoreceptive complex.

    Conclusions:

    • The odontoblastic process and associated nerve endings form a functional mechanoreceptive complex.
    • This complex is likely responsible for detecting mechanical stimuli in dentin.
    • Mechanical deformation of odontoblastic processes is transmitted to nerve endings, initiating dentin sensitivity and pain.

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