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Intellectual function in primary affective disorder

E F Donnelly, D L Murphy, F K Goodwin

    The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
    |June 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Clinical depression minimally impacts intellectual function in bipolar and unipolar patients. Cognitive abilities, measured by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), remained stable, with slight IQ increases observed during hypomania.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuropsychology
    • Psychiatry
    • Cognitive Psychology

    Background:

    • Clinical depression, encompassing unipolar and bipolar disorders, is often associated with cognitive impairments.
    • Previous research suggests a variable relationship between depressive symptom severity and intellectual functioning.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of clinical depression on intellectual function in unipolar and bipolar patients.
    • To assess the stability of cognitive abilities during depressive episodes and remission.

    Main Methods:

    • Ninety-six hospitalized patients diagnosed with depression (unipolar or bipolar) completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) upon admission.
    • A subset of 34 patients were retested using the WAIS upon remission of depressive symptoms.

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  • Specific WAIS subtests assessing psychomotor function were analyzed for differences between diagnostic groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients exhibited high average full-scale IQ scores that remained relatively stable from admission to remission.
    • No significant evidence of psychomotor retardation in bipolar patients or psychomotor acceleration in unipolar patients was found on relevant WAIS subtests.
    • A slight increase in full-scale IQ was observed in patients experiencing hypomania.

    Conclusions:

    • Intellectual function, as measured by the WAIS, shows limited relationship with the clinical severity of depression in both unipolar and bipolar patients.
    • Cognitive abilities appear largely preserved and stable throughout depressive episodes and remission.
    • Psychomotor function does not appear to be consistently affected in a manner characteristic of diagnostic subtype.