Adaptative features of ectothermic enzymes--I. Temperature effects on the malate dehydrogenase from a temperate fish Leiostomus xanthurus

1. Following electrophoresis the s-MDH activity of Leiostomus xanthurus and many other species of fish and amphibian appears in three sharp, equally-spaced, anodal bands. Each band is a dimer (AA, AB and BB) and two loci are active. 2. In Leiostomus tissue extracts A and B subunits are present are differing quantitative levels and their activities can be modified by changes in environment temperature. 3. Thermostability and thermal dependency tests show that, similar to what occurs during acclimatization, the AA isozyme is more stable to heat than is the BB isozyme. The BB isozyme is activated by low temperatures and is rapidly inactivated by high temperatures. 4. Extracts from a variety of fishes, amphibians, reptiles and birds suggest that when only one or two s-MDH bands are present, they behave as dose the AA homodimer in Leiostomus Xanthurus, i.e., are stable at elevated temperatures.