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Secretion defect in platelets stored at 4 degrees C

A K Rao, S Murphy

    Thrombosis and Haemostasis
    |June 28, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Platelets stored at 4°C retain more adenine nucleotides (ATP and ADP) but secrete less upon stimulation compared to those stored at 22°C. This suggests cold storage impairs platelet function by affecting ATP homeostasis.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Hematology
    • Transfusion Medicine

    Background:

    • Platelet storage conditions significantly impact platelet function and viability.
    • Adenine nucleotides (ATP and ADP) are crucial for platelet activation and secretion.
    • Understanding storage-induced changes is vital for optimizing platelet concentrate efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of different storage temperatures (4°C vs. 22°C) on platelet adenine nucleotide content and function.
    • To determine how storage duration (72 hours) influences platelet adenine nucleotide levels and thrombin-secretable content.
    • To explore the relationship between storage temperature, adenine nucleotide homeostasis, and platelet secretion defects.

    Main Methods:

    • Platelet concentrates (PCs) were stored for 72 hours at 4°C and 22°C in varying volumes (50ml and 30ml).

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Adenine nucleotide content (total ATP and ADP) was quantified in stored platelets.
  • Thrombin-secretable ATP + ADP levels were measured to assess functional release capacity.
  • Metabolic adenylate pool was labeled with 14C-adenine to evaluate adenylate energy charge.

    • Main Results:

    • Total ATP and ADP content decreased in all stored platelet groups, with a greater reduction at 22°C compared to 4°C.
    • Platelets stored at 4°C exhibited higher total ATP + ADP content (29.7%) than those at 22°C (19.7%).
    • Cold-stored platelets (4°C) showed a more significant decrease in adenylate energy charge and a distinct secretion defect.

    Conclusions:

    • Cold storage (4°C) preserves higher total adenine nucleotide levels in platelets but impairs their ability to secrete these nucleotides upon stimulation.
    • The observed secretion defect in cold-stored platelets may be linked to an impaired capacity to maintain ATP homeostasis.
    • Storage temperature critically influences platelet adenine nucleotide metabolism and functional responsiveness, impacting transfusion efficacy.