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Free-base cocaine smoking

M Perez-Reyes, S Di Guiseppi, G Ondrusek

    Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
    |October 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Smoking free-base cocaine delivered less drug than expected, but produced intense psychological and cardiovascular effects similar to intravenous cocaine. This suggests efficient absorption and potent effects from inhaled free-base cocaine.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Toxicology
    • Drug Abuse Research

    Background:

    • Free-base cocaine use is associated with significant health risks.
    • Understanding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of free-base cocaine is crucial for harm reduction and treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the amount of cocaine delivered via smoking free-base cocaine.
    • To assess the psychological and cardiovascular effects of smoked free-base cocaine.
    • To compare the effects of smoked free-base cocaine with intravenous cocaine hydrochloride.

    Main Methods:

    • Six healthy male subjects smoked 50 mg of free-base cocaine under controlled conditions.
    • Vaporization efficiency was optimized experimentally.
    • Psychological and cardiovascular responses were monitored.

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  • In vitro simulations quantified cocaine delivery and degradation.

    • Main Results:

    • Only 32% (16.3 +/- 0.6 mg) of the initial 50 mg free-base cocaine was inhaled.
    • In vitro analysis showed 44% of non-trapped material was cocaine, delivered mostly in the first 2 minutes.
    • Inhaled free-base cocaine produced psychological and cardiovascular effects comparable or more intense than intravenous cocaine hydrochloride.
    • A slightly increased craving for another dose was observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Smoking free-base cocaine results in significant drug loss during vaporization and delivery.
    • Despite losses, inhaled free-base cocaine produces potent psychoactive and cardiovascular effects.
    • The efficiency of delivery and intensity of effects highlight the addictive potential of smoked cocaine.