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Solvent abuse associated cortical atrophy

K N Schikler, K Seitz, J F Rice

    Journal of Adolescent Health Care : Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
    |August 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Chronic toluene abuse can lead to central nervous system atrophy, including cerebral and cerebellar damage. This study highlights potential long-term neurological consequences for toluene inhalers.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Toxicology
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Toluene inhalation is a common form of substance abuse.
    • Neurologic abnormalities have been anecdotally linked to chronic toluene exposure.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the potential for central nervous system (CNS) atrophy in chronic toluene abusers.
    • To correlate computed tomography (CT) scan findings with neurologic symptoms in toluene inhalers.

    Main Methods:

    • Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed on 11 individuals with a history of toluene inhalation and neurologic abnormalities.
    • Medical history, focusing on duration and intensity of toluene exposure, was collected.

    Main Results:

    • Six of the 11 evaluated individuals (54.5%) showed evidence of cerebral cortical atrophy.

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  • Two of these six individuals also exhibited cerebellar atrophy.
  • All individuals diagnosed with atrophy had a documented history of toluene exposure exceeding 10 years.

    • Conclusions:

    • Chronic and prolonged toluene abuse is associated with structural brain damage, specifically cerebral and cerebellar atrophy.
    • CT imaging can detect CNS abnormalities in chronic toluene abusers.
    • These findings suggest a neurotoxic effect of toluene on the central nervous system with long-term exposure.