Spontaneous neonatal gastric perforation

Area of Science:

• Neonatal surgery
• Pediatric gastroenterology
• Surgical pathology

Background:

• Spontaneous neonatal gastric perforation is a rare but serious surgical emergency.
• Previous literature on incidence and demographics is limited, particularly in specific populations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report on a series of spontaneous neonatal gastric perforation cases.
• To analyze the incidence, demographics, clinical features, and outcomes of this condition.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of 16 cases of spontaneous neonatal gastric perforation.
• Data collection included patient demographics, clinical presentation, surgical management, and outcomes.
• Analysis of incidence in black populations and male-to-female ratio.

Main Results:

• Incidence of 1 per 2,900 live births in the studied population.
• Condition was over four times more common in males than females.
• All perforations occurred within the first week of life, located on the greater curvature of the fundus.
• Operative mortality was 7.5% (1/13); overall mortality was 25% (4/16).
• Routine gastrostomy was performed; no peritoneal drainage or gastric resection was needed.

Conclusions:

• Spontaneous neonatal gastric perforation is more prevalent in males and occurs early in life.
• Surgical management with gastrostomy appears effective with acceptable outcomes.
• Further research is needed to understand underlying causes and optimize treatment strategies.