Psychosocial dwarfism: identification, intervention and planning

Psychosocial Dwarfism, a syndrome caused by deprivation, emotional stress and/or neglect, occurs in both infants and children. The identification of children who are delayed because of such stress can be difficult. This article reviews historical and observational diagnostic clues including typical family interactional patterns and attitudes. Diagnosis of PSD is made by a demonstration of change, generally one that occurs upon removal of the child from the family environment. This removal is frequently the beginning of the intervention process, the goal of which is the reversal of physical and psychological delays, the elimination of bizarre behaviors, and the completion of catch-up growth and stabilization of normal growth. Too little is known about successful treatment methods in cases of PSD. The success of interventions is validated by change and can only be determined over long-term follow-up. There is a great need for research and it is important that all health care workers become aware of this challenging disorder.