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Vitamin E in beta-thalassemia

R Miniero, E Canducci, D Ghigo

    Acta Vitaminologica Et Enzymologica
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) levels are lower in individuals with the thalassemic trait. Supplementation improved antioxidant status and red blood cell survival in some patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Nutritional Science
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Homozygous beta-thalassemia is associated with low alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) serum levels.
    • Vitamin E administration in homozygous beta-thalassemia can increase serum levels, reduce lipid peroxidation, and prolong red blood cell survival, though transfusion needs remain unchanged.
    • Limited data exists on vitamin E's role in heterozygous beta-thalassemia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate serum alpha-tocopherol levels in individuals with the thalassemic trait.
    • To evaluate the effects of vitamin E supplementation on biochemical parameters and red blood cell survival in patients with the thalassemic trait.

    Main Methods:

    • Serum alpha-tocopherol levels were measured in 131 patients with the thalassemic trait and 218 age-matched controls.

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  • Ten patients with the thalassemic trait received vitamin E (400-600 mg/day) for three months.
  • Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, pyruvate kinase, creatine, serum vitamin E, and red blood cell count were assessed before and after treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • Serum alpha-tocopherol levels were significantly lower in individuals with the thalassemic trait compared to controls.
    • Vitamin E supplementation did not alter hematological values in patients.
    • Half of the treated patients showed reduced lipid peroxidation and increased erythrocyte survival.

    Conclusions:

    • Individuals with the thalassemic trait exhibit lower serum vitamin E levels.
    • Vitamin E supplementation may offer benefits in reducing oxidative stress and improving red blood cell survival in some patients with the thalassemic trait.
    • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the role of vitamin E in managing the thalassemic trait.