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Related Experiment Videos

Herpes simplex type 2 virus encephalitis presenting as psychosis

K J Oommen, P C Johnson, C G Ray

    The American Journal of Medicine
    |September 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) can cause encephalitis in adults, a condition often misdiagnosed as acute psychosis. This finding highlights the need for broader diagnostic considerations for HSV-2 infections.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Virology

    Background:

    • Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is the primary cause of necrotizing encephalitis in the US.
    • Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is typically associated with neonatal infections and adult meningitis.
    • The role of HSV-2 in adult encephalitis remains less understood.

    Observation:

    • This study presents a case of HSV-2 encephalitis.
    • Four previously documented cases of HSV-2 encephalitis are analyzed.
    • The clinical presentation mimicked acute psychosis.

    Findings:

    • HSV-2 is an underrecognized cause of adult encephalitis.
    • HSV-2 encephalitis can present with neuropsychiatric symptoms.
    • Diagnosis requires consideration beyond typical HSV-1 encephalitis.

    Implications:

    • Clinicians should consider HSV-2 encephalitis in adult patients presenting with acute psychosis.
    • Increased awareness of HSV-2's neuroinvasive potential is crucial.
    • This may lead to earlier diagnosis and improved patient outcomes for HSV-2 encephalitis.

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