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Time and language

J H Scharf

    Gegenbaurs Morphologisches Jahrbuch
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The concept of time may be innate or learned through experience. Early civilizations like Mesopotamia developed generalized ideas of time, influencing later linguistic and scientific concepts.

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    Area of Science:

    • Anthropology
    • Linguistics
    • History of Science

    Background:

    • The abstract concept of time is debated as either innate or experiential.
    • Not all languages possess a universal term for time, with some indigenous groups lacking age-specific vocabulary.
    • Natural cycles like the sun and moon (zeitgebers) are crucial in chronobiology and early timekeeping.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the origins and evolution of the human concept of time.
    • To investigate the linguistic and cultural variations in understanding time across different societies.
    • To trace the development of time as an abstract concept from early civilizations to modern theory.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative linguistic analysis of ancient and modern languages (Sumerian, Akkadian, Etruscan, Latin, Iranian, Vedic Indian, Kwa languages, Chinese).

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Historical review of early civilizations' conceptualization of time, focusing on Mesopotamia.
  • Examination of chronobiological factors and their influence on early human perceptions of time, including menstruation as a model.
  • Main Results:

    • The generalized concept of time likely originated in Old Mesopotamia, possibly evolving from Sumerian and Akkadian terms.
    • Linguistic roots for concepts of duration and time can be traced through various ancient languages and cultures.
    • Early human chronobiological thinking was influenced by natural cycles and biological rhythms.

    Conclusions:

    • Time as an abstract concept is a complex construct, evolving through linguistic, cultural, and experiential factors.
    • The study suggests time is an 'abstraction of abstractions,' a sophisticated concept developed over millennia.
    • Understanding the historical and linguistic development of time provides insight into human cognition.