Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 17, 2026

Novel Apparatus and Method for Drug Reinforcement
07:32

Novel Apparatus and Method for Drug Reinforcement

Published on: August 21, 2010

Synthetic-dynamic theory of drug abuse: a revisit with empirical data

S Kim, S H Newman

    The International Journal of the Addictions
    |July 1, 1982
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats10:35

    A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats

    Published on: November 12, 2013

    A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence08:05

    A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence

    Published on: March 23, 2022

    Related Concept Videos

    Drug Dependence01:17

    Drug Dependence

    Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
    Principles of Drug Action01:24

    Principles of Drug Action

    Drugs are chemical substances that modify biological responses by interacting with macromolecular targets such as receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes. Pharmacodynamics describes the course of action of drugs leading to the physiological effect at a specific site in the body.
    Drugs can be agonists or antagonists. Like the endogenous ligands, agonists always bind and activate the target to produce a cellular response. Agonist binding induces a conformational change which in turn...
    Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

    Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

    Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...
    Pharmacodynamic Models: Additive and Proportional Drug Effect Model01:09

    Pharmacodynamic Models: Additive and Proportional Drug Effect Model

    Drug response models describe how pharmacological agents interact with biological systems to produce measurable effects. Baseline responses are inherent physiological activities without a drug significantly influencing the observed pharmacological outcomes. Depending on the drug response model employed, these baseline responses may combine with the drug's effect in either an additive or proportional manner.Additive Drug Response ModelIn the additive model, the drug effect is independent of the...
    Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions01:24

    Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions

    Drug toxicities can be stratified into pharmacological, pathological, or genotoxic based on their mechanisms. The incidence and severity of these toxicities generally increase with the drug's concentration in the body and exposure time.Pharmacological toxicity is evident when the therapeutic effects of drugs overshoot into adverse reactions in a predictable, dose-dependent manner. Central nervous system (CNS) depression from barbiturates is a classic example, with effects escalating from...
    Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

    Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

    Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
    Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...