Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Zebrafish as a Model to Assess the Teratogenic Potential of Nitrite
07:29

Zebrafish as a Model to Assess the Teratogenic Potential of Nitrite

Published on: February 16, 2016

[Toxic effects of nitrosamines with respect to marine organisms]

J Aubert, L Petit, B Levrat

    Toxicological European Research. Recherche Europeenne En Toxicologie
    |May 1, 1982
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    A General Method for Detecting Nitrosamide Formation in the In Vitro Metabolism of Nitrosamines by Cytochrome P450s07:38

    A General Method for Detecting Nitrosamide Formation in the In Vitro Metabolism of Nitrosamines by Cytochrome P450s

    Published on: September 25, 2017

    Lethality Bioassay Using Artemia salina L.09:09

    Lethality Bioassay Using Artemia salina L.

    Published on: October 11, 2022

    Related Concept Videos

    2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO201:20

    2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2

    Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
    Physical Properties of Amines01:26

    Physical Properties of Amines

    Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
    Types of Toxins01:36

    Types of Toxins

    Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
    Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
    Environmental pollutants like...
    Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

    Toxic Reactions: Overview

    When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
    Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
    Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
    In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
    Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity01:25

    Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity

    Bioactivation is a metabolic process that transforms less reactive substances into highly reactive metabolites, initiating tissue toxicity. This transformation can lead to various toxic effects, including carcinogenesis and teratogenesis. Reactive metabolites are classified into two main types: electrophiles and free radicals.Electrophiles are electron-deficient species and are produced primarily by the enzyme cytochrome P-450 during the metabolism of compounds containing carbon, nitrogen, or...
    Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

    Toxicity Testing in Animals

    Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...