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Emergency medical service utilization by the elderly

L W Gerson, L Shvarch

    Annals of Emergency Medicine
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    The aging population is increasing demand for emergency medical services (EMS). Elderly individuals, especially those over 75, are more likely to use EMS, with men experiencing cardiac issues and women injuries.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Emergency Medicine
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • The United States is experiencing a demographic shift with a growing elderly population.
    • This demographic trend is projected to increase the demand for healthcare services, particularly emergency care.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the utilization patterns of emergency medical services (EMS) by elderly patients in a medium-sized city.
    • To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with EMS use among older adults.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 14,400 emergency medical service responses in a medium-sized city.
    • Data collection included patient age, sex, chief complaint, and mode of transportation to the hospital.

    Main Results:

    • 22% of all EMS responses were for patients aged 65 and older.
    • Individuals over 75 years old were more frequent users of EMS compared to those aged 65-74.
    • Men were more likely to use EMS for cardiac conditions, while women were more likely to use it for injuries.
    • Elderly patients were 1.7 times more likely to require paramedic-accompanied transportation to a hospital.

    Conclusions:

    • The elderly population significantly utilizes emergency medical services, with higher utilization among the oldest old.
    • Sex influences the primary reason for EMS calls among the elderly, with distinct patterns for cardiac conditions versus injuries.
    • There is a heightened need for paramedic services and hospital transport for elderly patients, indicating a greater acuity or need for advanced care.

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