Research diagnostic criteria and DSM-III: an annotated comparison

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Clinical Psychology
• Psychopathology

Background:

• The Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) have been a widely used standard for subject selection in psychiatric research for years.
• The RDC served as the foundational basis for the diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition (DSM-III).
• The introduction of DSM-III in 1980 necessitated an understanding of its relationship with the RDC for ongoing and future research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the RDC and DSM-III diagnostic categories.
• To identify and delineate major differences in how these two systems define diagnostic categories.
• To inform researchers about critical considerations when choosing between RDC and DSM-III for their studies.

Main Methods:

• A systematic comparison of each RDC category against its corresponding DSM-III category.
• Analysis of the divergences in definitions and underlying reasons for these differences between the two diagnostic systems.

Main Results:

• Significant differences were identified between the RDC and DSM-III in the definition of numerous diagnostic categories.
• The study highlights specific areas where the criteria diverge, impacting subject selection and classification.
• Key issues relevant to researchers deciding between RDC and DSM-III were delineated.

Conclusions:

• Researchers must be aware of the substantial differences between RDC and DSM-III to ensure consistency and validity in their studies.
• Informed decisions regarding the choice of diagnostic criteria are essential for the integrity of research findings.
• The study provides a framework for understanding the implications of using either RDC or DSM-III in psychiatric research.