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Computerized tomography studies on schizophrenic diseases

G Gross, G Huber, R Schüttler

    Archiv Fur Psychiatrie Und Nervenkrankheiten
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Schizophrenia patients with a "pure defect" show enlarged third ventricles on CT scans, unlike those with complete remission or personality disorders. This finding highlights specific neuroanatomical differences in certain schizophrenia subtypes.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroimaging
    • Psychiatry
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Previous studies indicated subgroups of schizophrenic patients with abnormal cerebral ventricles.
    • Echoencephalography revealed enlarged third ventricles in residual schizophrenic syndromes compared to remitted patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between specific schizophrenic syndromes and neuroimaging findings, particularly ventricular size.
    • To differentiate CT and pneumoencephalographic (PEG) findings in various schizophrenia subtypes and control groups.

    Main Methods:

    • Computed Tomography (CT) and pneumoencephalography (PEG) were used to assess cerebral ventricular dimensions.
    • Patient groups included schizophrenics with pure residual syndromes, complete remission, psychic reactive disorders, and psychopathic personality disorders.

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    Main Results:

    • Schizophrenics with a persistent "pure defect" (slight brain atrophy) showed significantly enlarged third ventricles (average 7.6 mm) compared to those in complete remission (average 4.6 mm).
    • Pathological CT findings, primarily involving the third ventricle, were present in 69% of schizophrenics with pure residual syndromes, versus 28% in the overall schizophrenic group.
    • No age-related increase in ventricular size was observed in schizophrenics or controls under 50 years of age.

    Conclusions:

    • Enlarged third ventricle diameter on CT is a significant indicator in schizophrenics with a persistent "pure defect" syndrome.
    • Neuroimaging can help distinguish specific subtypes of schizophrenia based on ventricular morphology.
    • These findings suggest distinct structural brain abnormalities in certain schizophrenia presentations.