Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2026

Stabilizing Hepatocellular Phenotype Using Optimized Synthetic Surfaces
08:50

Stabilizing Hepatocellular Phenotype Using Optimized Synthetic Surfaces

Published on: September 26, 2014

Increases in cytochrome p-450 in cultured hepatocytes mediated by 3- and 4-carbon alcohols

J F Sinclair, L Smith, W J Bement

    Biochemical Pharmacology
    |September 1, 1982
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Formation of Covalent DNA Adducts by Enzymatically Activated Carcinogens and Drugs In Vitro and Their Determination by 32P-postlabeling09:33

    Formation of Covalent DNA Adducts by Enzymatically Activated Carcinogens and Drugs In Vitro and Their Determination by 32P-postlabeling

    Published on: March 20, 2018

    Isolation and 3D Collagen Sandwich Culture of Primary Mouse Hepatocytes to Study the Role of Cytoskeleton in Bile Canalicular Formation In Vitro10:12

    Isolation and 3D Collagen Sandwich Culture of Primary Mouse Hepatocytes to Study the Role of Cytoskeleton in Bile Canalicular Formation In Vitro

    Published on: December 20, 2019

    Related Concept Videos

    Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

    Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

    Introduction
    Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
    Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions02:15

    Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions

    Overview
    The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight alcohols. An acidic atmosphere is required to allow the hydrogen in the water molecule to act as an electrophile and attack the double bond in an alkene. The addition of a proton to the double bond creates a carbocation intermediate. The proton preferentially bonds to the less substituted end of the double bond to create a more stable carbocation...
    Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes02:35

    Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes

    In a dehydration reaction, a hydroxyl group in an alcohol is eliminated along with the hydrogen from an adjacent carbon. Here, the products are an alkene and a molecule of water. Dehydration of alcohols is generally achieved by heating in the presence of an acid catalyst. While the dehydration of primary alcohols requires high temperatures and acid concentrations, secondary and tertiary alcohols can lose a water molecule under relatively mild conditions.
    Aldehydes and Ketones with Alcohols: Hemiacetal Formation01:19

    Aldehydes and Ketones with Alcohols: Hemiacetal Formation

    Similar to water, alcohols can add to the carbonyl carbon of the aldehydes and ketones. The addition of one molecule of alcohol to the carbonyl compound forms the hemiacetal or half acetal. As depicted below, in a hemiacetal, the carbon is directly linked to an OH and OR group.
    Drug Metabolism: Phase I Reactions01:17

    Drug Metabolism: Phase I Reactions

    A phase I reaction is a biochemical process that introduces a functionally reactive polar group to a substance. This transformation predominantly occurs in the liver, facilitated by the cytochrome P450 system of hemoproteins situated in the lipophilic endoplasmic reticulum of cells. The metabolite generated through this process can have varying polarities. If it is sufficiently polar, it can be easily excreted in the urine due to its water compatibility. However, if the metabolite is nonpolar,...
    Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carbon-Containing Systems01:19

    Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carbon-Containing Systems

    Phase I biotransformation reactions are integral to drug metabolism, predominantly involving oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic transformations. Chief among these are oxidative reactions, which enhance the hydrophilicity of xenobiotics and introduce polar functional groups to facilitate their elimination from the body.
    Oxidation reactions are fundamental in aromatic carbon-containing systems. An example is the hydroxylation of phenobarbital, a process that transforms it into...