The nature of sources of bioelectric and biomagnetic fields

The goal of this paper is to examine the origins and relative importance of primary and secondary sources of electric and magnetic fields for excitable tissue. It is shown that for axonal and cardiac tissue a comparison of the relative field strength from both primary and secondary sources shows only the latter to be significant. Even if the divergence and curl of the primary source were independent (and hence were both needed to define the primary source), because the secondary sources all arise from the divergence of the primary source the magnetic field reflects the same source component as the electric field. As a consequence magnetic and electric fields arising from active tissue are strongly linked.